College Biology 102/103

·         Complete this Lab 5Answer Sheet electronically and submit it via the Assignments Folder by the date listed intheCourse Schedule (under Syllabus).

·         To conduct your laboratory exercises, use the Laboratory Manual located under Course Content. Read the introduction and the directions for each exercise/experiment carefully before completing the exercises/experiments and answering the questions.

·         Save your Lab 5Answer Sheet in the following format:  LastName_Lab5 (e.g., Smith_Lab5).

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By submitting this assignment for credit, you are affirming that you have completed the answers yourself to the best of your ability, that you have used your own words to answer the questions and have not engaged in any acts of academic dishonesty to answer the questions below.  Acts of academic dishonesty include submitting these questions to any online website or service in order to obtain the answers as well as obtaining the help of any other individual for the purpose of answering the questions.

Experiment 1: Following Chromosomal DNA Movement through Meiosis

Part 1 – Meiotic Division Bead Pictures without Crossing Over – You must provide pictures of your bead manipulations at each stage.

Prophase I

Metaphase I

Anaphase I

Telophase I

Prophase II

Metaphase II

Anaphase II

Telophase II

Cytokinesis

Part 2: Meiotic Division Beads Diagram with Crossing Over – You must provide pictures of your bead manipulations at each stage.

Prophase I

Metaphase I

Anaphase I

Telophase I

Prophase II

Metaphase II

Anaphase II

Telophase II

Cytokinesis

Post-Lab Questions

1.    Were any of your daughter cells genetically identical at the end of Part I above?  What about Part II?  What does this tell you about the importance of crossing over?

2.    What must occur during interphase for meiosis to be successful?

3.    When does the diploid number become haploid during meiosis?

4.    Why did you use non-sister chromatids to demonstrate crossing over?

5.    What combinations of alleles could result from a crossover between a chromosome having genes BD and a chromosome having genes bd?

6.    Blue whales have 44 chromosomes in every cell. Determine how many chromosomes you would expect to find in the following:

Sperm Cell:

Egg Cell:           

Daughter Cell from Meiosis I:

Daughter Cell from Meiosis II:

7.    What is the difference between a chromosomal mutation and a gene mutation?

8.    Diagram what would happen if sexual reproduction took place for four generations using diploid (2n) cells.

Experiment 2: The Importance of Cell Cycle Control

Data – Enter your karyotype abnormalities below.  Explain the abnormality in terms of chromosome number and structure.  Do not post pictures of the karyotypes themselves.

Post-Lab Questions

1.    What is your hypothesis as to what differences you might observe when comparing the karyotypes of human cells which experience normal cell cycle control versus cancerous cells (which experience abnormal, or a lack of, cell cycle control)?

2.    Did your results confirm or disprove your hypothesis?  Why or why not?  Be specific!

3.    Suppose a person developed a mutation in a skin cell which results in cancer, but the cancer was effectively treated with a cocktail of cancer-fighting techniques. Is it possible for this person’s offspring to inherit this cancer-causing mutation? Why or why not?  Be specific!

 

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This week’s readings emphasized the need for nurses to act as agents of change within their institutions. Of particular note, the globalization of the health care industry through the Internet has brought the world at large into the hospital to scrutinize how well it works. The forces of technology and politics play an equal role in shaping the face of medicine. Nurses confront the challenge of meeting both the needs of society and those of their patients.

To prepare for this Discussion, search the internet using the terms “Innovative Nursing Care Delivery Models”. Review at least two innovative models. Also review this week’s assigned readings, including ANA’s Nursing Scope & Standards of Practice as they apply to your specialty area, ANA’s Guide to the Code of Ethics for Nursing, and ANA’s Nursing’s Social Policy Statement. Then, respond to the following:

• How will the model support the role of the professional nurse in meeting the needs of today’s health care consumer?
• Which leadership skills  are needed by the professional nurse to promote  positive patient outcomes in this model?
• How might this model of care change or support the role of the nurse as defined by ANA’s Nursing Scope & Standards of Practice, Code of Ethics, and ANA’s Nursing’s Social Policy Statement?

Support your response with references from the professional nursing literature.

 

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Pre-Lab Questions

1.    Identify three major similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Similarities –

1.

2.

3.

Differences –

1.

2.

3.

Experiment 1: Cell Structure and Function

Label each of the arrows in the following slide image:

A –

B –

C –

D –

Post-Lab Questions

1.    What organelle

a.    is composed of RNA and protein?

b.    is composed of a system of canals for transport of molecules through the cell?

c.    is the site where the most energy is obtained from carbohydrates?

d.    is the site of packaging of cellular secretions?

e.    is not found in animal cells?

f.     is found in the nucleus?

g.    is a fluid-filled sac that stores food and water?

h.    contains enzymes for intracellular digestion?

1.    Would a cell be able to survive without mitochondria? Why or why not?

2.    Do you think that a plant cell, which already has a stiff, strong cell wall, still really needs a cell membrane? Explain why or why not.

3.    What is the largest animal cell? Why aren’t there cells one (1) foot in diameter or larger?

Experiment 2: Osmosis – Direction and Concentration Gradients

Table 3: Sucrose Concentration vs. Tubing Permeability
Band Color	% Sucrose in Beaker	% Sucrose in Bag	Initial Volume (mL)	Final Volume (mL)	Net Displacement (mL)
Yellow
Red
Blue
Green

Post-Lab Questions

1.    For each of the tubing pieces, identify whether the solution inside was hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic in comparison to the beaker solution in which it was placed.

Yellow –

Red –

Blue –

Green –

2.    Which tubing increased the most in volume? Explain why this happened.

3.    What would happen if the tubing with the yellow band was placed in a beaker of distilled water?

4.    If you wanted water to flow out of a tubing piece filled with a 50% solution, what would the minimum concentration of the beaker solution need to be?

5.    Based upon what you observed in this experiment, why is being adrift in the middle of the ocean on a raft equivalent to being lost in the middle of the desert?

 

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Presently in Canada, Canadians are largely covered entirely by our universal healthcare system for all acute and chronic healthcare needs as well as management of chronic health conditions.  However, this healthcare system is beginning to erode under the current pressures of our healthcare needs and the changing demographic and health of the Canadian population.

For this paper, I would like you to discuss the merit of a healthcare system that serves to charge Canadians for the treatment and management of preventable chronic disorders such as obesity, cardiovascular disease and obesity-triggered type-2 diabetes caused by inactivity, poor diet and negative lifestyle choices such as tobacco use.

In other words, do you support a fee-for-service system that requires individuals who choose not make the healthiest decisions, to cover the cost of their care and management?

I am not concerned about your opinion, but I would like you to thoughtfully support your position with rationale grounded in facts, not speculation or emotion.

Including references!!!

Page limit: 3-pages

 

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