English 103: Essay 4—Research Paper

In the Research Paper, you will further develop, revise, and build upon the single perspective argument you have been developing all semester. Your final assignment should demonstrate your ability to apply the principles of argument discussed in the class throughout the semester and it should demonstrate your ability to use critical thinking when discussing a controversial issue.

Directions:
Prepare an 8-10 page research essay that builds upon the single perspective argument paper. The purpose of this assignment is to build upon what you have already created in the course. Therefore, the introduction of your research paper should be drawn from your Exploratory Paper, laying the foundation for the reader by presenting all sides of the issue, the exigence, etc. The body should be drawn from the Position Paper, which incorporates research to support your claim and sub-claims. Obviously, you cannot include the entire portion of each of the previous papers, and your final research paper should show that you’ve developed areas requiring development and made significant revisions to those sections of your papers requiring revision. The idea is to pull sections and points from previous essays. Use comments from me to revise those papers as you incorporate portions of them into this final project.

In addition to revising/developing the exploratory and position papers to serve as the introduction and body of the research paper, you will write an extended conclusion in which you focus on a viable solution and/or conclusion to the issue. For the conclusion, provide a means of solving the problem indicated by your topic. Consider the audience, establish common ground, and provide details for how to implement the solution. For example, if the position paper argued that bilingual education is necessary in California schools, the solution would discuss how to implement bilingual education programs in our California schools. Your conclusion should be 2-3 substantial paragraphs.

The Research Paper should include all of the following components:
1) The essay, while presenting your perspective on the issue, should be presented objectively. This means you will present the information in as fair and unbiased way as possible, without use of first person point of view.

2) The essay must include a minimum of eight scholarly/academic sources (encyclopedias and dictionaries do not count.) These sources must be accurately cited in the paper. You should have a variety of sources (articles from journals, newspapers, magazines, books, websites). The majority of your Internet sources should be from academic/scholarly journals accessed in the college library databases (EBSCOHost).

3) The essay should be a minimum of eight to ten pages of text (this does not include the Works Cited page or any space devoted to titles/graphs/images, etc.)

4) The essay must have a complete and accurate Works Cited page—formatted according to MLA guidelines.

5) The essay should adhere to these formatting/composition guidelines: Your research paper should be typed in a 10-12 point font, double-spaced, with one-inch margins on all sides. Your essay should follow MLA documentation format; refer to the handout titled “MLA Documentation Style.” Your essay should have a titled that reflects the argument/content of the paper–centered at top of first page. (Save your document as a “Word” (.doc) file and upload your essay to the assignment area in Blackboard by the due date/time.)

Grading Criteria:
Your essays will be evaluated for the following: strength of argument, development of claim, thoroughness of research, writing ability, completeness of the writing process, meeting the requirements of the assignment, improvement in writing and argument skills relative to previous papers.

Important Note on Plagiarism:
All of the final research papers will be submitted to turnitin.com (a plagiarism detection website.) It is therefore imperative that you document your sources accurately. If you borrow information from a source, it must be attributed. If you use the exact words of a source, the language must be put inside quotation marks. If you paraphrase a source, it must be attributed, and the sources original words/language must be translated into your own words. If you have any questions about documenting sources, please ask them before you submit your final papers.

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Essay 4 Research Paper

Sample title page and formatting guidelines for an MLA-style paper:
Student’s first and last name–John Smith

Course title–English 103

Instructor last name–McAlister

Date of submission–1 October 2017

Center your essay title on the first page–

Social Media: Fostering Community or Cultivating Narcissism?

This is a sample of MLA (Modern Language Association) format. Present a header on the first page in the top left corner–including name, course title, instructor last name, and date of submission. Present page number in top right corner. Center the title of your essay on the first page following the header and preceding the first paragraph. Your title should clearly identify the issue you are exploring, and it should also reflect the argument/focus of your essay. Capitalize the first letter of significant title words. Do underline or place quotes around your title. Whenever you refer to titles of books or longer written works like Perspectives on Argument the title words should be italicized; titles of journals or periodicals should also be italicized, for example, The Journal of Environmental Studies. Titles of articles or shorter works should be placed inside quotation marks; for example, any of the articles in “The Reader” section of your textbook (pages 529-) should be placed inside quotation marks: “The Green Monster,” “The Changing Face of Immigration in America,” “The Moral Equivalent of War,” etc.

Indent at the beginning of each paragraph. Avoid using fancy fonts. Stick with Times New Roman–10-12 point. Double space throughout your essay. Do not include extra spaces or gaps between paragraphs in your essay. Format for one-inch margins on all sides–top, bottom, left, and right. Do not justify margins.

Notes on research and MLA documentation style:
· Please review the MLA Guide for a more detailed overview MLA (Modern Language Association) documentation style. For the exploratory paper (essay 2), position paper (essay 3) and final research paper (essay 4), outside criticism MUST be incorporated into the discussion, and your sources must be documented accurately–according to MLA guidelines. Your sources must be appropriate for the subject: essays or articles published in academic journals and written by scholars. Wikepedia is NOT an academic source. You should avoid using any source for which the author cannot be identified. If you cannot establish the credibility of an author for a source, then you should not cite that source.

· You may conduct your research at the Cypress College Library. A step-by-step guide to searching the Cypress College Library databases is available on our course site. A link to the library website is provided in the “External Links” area of the course site.

You can search for “books and media” and “articles” from the home page. Note that the EBSCOHost databases, “Academic Search Premier” and “Masterfile Premier” are general subject databases. Some of the materials you find in these databases will be appropriate, and some will not. If something is published in a peer-reviewed “Journal” or a “Study” associated with a University, then it is probably appropriate. Magazine and newspapers articles would NOT be appropriate for this assignment.

· If you find a book at a nearby university, you can request an “Interlibrary Loan,” and a Cypress College librarian will acquire the book for you.

Documenting sources in the body of your essay:
· Always use a signal phrase the first time you quote a source; include the author’s name, his/her credentials, and the title of the essay. Provide a page number reference for quotes AND paraphrases in your in-text citations. Below you will see a basic example of a quote and an in-text citation; the sample is taken from an essay in an anthology–a collection of essays in a book with an editor. The Reader portion of Perspectives on Argument is an example of an anthology.

· Sample quote with and attribution and an in-text citation: In his essay “Is Google Making Us Stupid,” noted author and culture critic, Nicholas Carr, presents research suggesting that the Internet has effectively re-wired the human brain, altering the way that we read and process information. The “style of reading” that is promoted by the Internet is superficial, and may “weaken” our capacity for “deep reading.” When we read information on the Net, “Our ability to interpret text, to make the rich mental connections that form when we read deeply and without distraction, remains largely disengaged” (468).

· In the example above, the title of the essay is provided in the signal phrase inside quotes “Is Google Making Us Stupid?”; if it were a book, the title would be italicized. The author’s name and credentials are also provided in the signal phrase: noted author and culture critic, Nicholas Carr. His quoted words are placed inside quotation marks: “Our ability to interpret text, to make the rich mental connections that form when we read deeply and without distraction, remains largely disengaged” (468). The in-text citation references the page number (436) for that quote. If this were an online source, the writer would provide a paragraph number, preceded by “par.” instead of a page number.

Instructions for the Works Cited page:
· At the end of your essay, on a separate “Works Cited” page, provide the complete bibliographic information for ALL sources cited in your essay.

· The words “Works Cited” should be centered at the top of the page.

· Entries for all research sources should follow in alphabetical order (not numbered) and using a reverse indent format.

· There are MLA Guides (both 7th and 8th edition) available on the course site; the guides provide format information and examples for a variety of different types of sources you may use in an academic essay. It is important to follow the guidelines carefully; if bibliographic information is missing from a works cited entry, that source is plagiarized. MLA recently updated their guidelines. You may use either the 7th or 8th edition of MLA, but be consistent. I have provided examples for both below. If you have any questions or concerns about formatting works cited entries, you may want to use the Noodlebib tool to create your list of works cited; the Noodlebib tool can be accessed on the Cypress College Library home page.

Here are the (7th edition) MLA-style formatting guidelines for an essay in an anthology:

Author’s Last name, First name. “Title of Article Inside Quotes.” Title of Book

Article is Published in–Italicized. Editor(s) name(s). Place of Publication:

Publisher, Date. Pages on which article appears. Medium.

Here is a sample (MLA7) works cited entry for the source quoted above:

Carr, Nicholas. “Is Google Making Us Stupid.” Perspectives on Argument. Eds. Nancy

V. Wood and James S. Miller. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education, 2015. 466-468. Print.

Here are the (8th edition) MLA-style formatting guidelines for an essay in an anthology:

Author’s Last name, First name. “Title of Article Inside Quotes.” Title of Book

Article is Published in—Italicized, edited by editor(s) name(s), publisher,

year of publication, pages on which the article appears.

Here is a sample (MLA8) works cited entry for the source quoted above:

Carr, Nicholas. “Is Google Making Us Stupid.” Perspectives on Argument, edited by

Nancy V. Wood and James S. Miller, Pearson Education, 2015, pp. 466-468.

Modern Language Association Style Guides:
· In the research paper module, you will find Modern Language Association Style Guides which include examples for a variety of different types of sources—books, articles, films, wikis, web sources, etc. Recently MLA published updated guidelines for an 8th edition. Many of you may have MLA-style handbooks with the guidelines for the 7th edition. For this assignment, I have uploaded both guides, and I will accept essays that conform to either model.

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For Essays Guru – CASE STUDY: USE OF GAME THEORY TO MAXIMIZE PROFITS

The following article describes the unique boarding process used by the Southwest Airlines.

Presh Talwalkar (2015) Southwest Airlines boarding and game theory

Use this article and at least three (3) others to answer the following questions in 4 – 5 pages:

Describe the change in Southwest Airlines boarding process.

What was Southwest’s main goal introducing the early-bird check-in?

Explain how Southwest Airlines used the game theory approach to increase its profits.

What is the outcome of the game involving early-bird check-in?

Identify what is the passengers’ dominant strategy.

Determine why travelers face the Prisoner’s Dilemma with the early-bird check-in process.

Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the early-bird check-in process for Southwest Airlines.

Suggest ways in which other companies, or the company you work for, can utilize similar game approach to maximize profits. Note: One of your references should help provide a rationale as to why this is a good approach for this company and needs to have been published within the last 6 months.

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What gets in the way of learning? How does one overcome it? What would you have done differently?

Each student is expected to individually write a final self-reflection paper. The purpose of the 6-8 page double-spaced self-reflection paper is to focus on your own learning and development throughout the course. Describe the aspects of the course/practicum that were most instrumental to your learning and that helped you link theory and practice. Use the following guiding questions, though you may also want to focus on other aspects of your experience in class and in your interactions with young people. In addition, revisit your first posts in our class; how has your thinking changed? How might you answer the questions that were posed differently, if at all?

In what ways has this class changed, challenged, or confirmed ideas you had about learning? About the role of culture in learning? About the role of learning in curriculum?

How has your understanding of how people learn changed over the course of this class?

Consider our discussions of culture in which culture is not equated with ethnic or racial description. How has this notion of culture (e.g., funds of knowledge) shaped your understanding of learning in schools? How, if at all, has it influenced how you think about your past experiences of schooling?

Think about the readings and our discussions on play. How have the readings contributed to your understanding of these concepts and the way you engage with children at site or in general? For the way you think about learning or cultural practices?

How have ethnography and the ethnographic skills (field notes and other research) you have developed helped you capture your own learning experiences, as well as the experiences of children? You may want to look over your interviews and discuss the ways your descriptions and discussions about the children, their community, and about the notion of difference, for example, might have shifted across the semester.

How have the readings and class discussions of learning and literacy shaped your understanding of the issues facing teachers and students in schools (and/or even in higher education)? How have they shaped your understanding of your own role in these issues?

What gets in the way of learning? How does one overcome it? What would you have done differently?

Where does curriculum come from? What kinds of curricular dilemmas emerged as you tried to advance learning the way we have explored it in class?

Feel free to include any other ways this course may have influenced you as a student, educator, and human being.

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