ECO320 final paper

From World War II to today, oil prices have risen sharply and have caused multiple major recessions. The final paper in this class will be focused on several key events in global economic history that are related to this steep rise in oil prices and what their effects have been.

Focus of the Final Paper
In this paper, you will trace several major international economic events beginning with the aftermath of World War II and ending with the current time. In your discussion, describe each event and its lasting impact on the world economy, particularly how it affected international monetary relations. Be sure to touch on how each event led up to the current high price of oil.

Your analysis should include the following events:

  1. The Bretton Woods decision of 1944. Include a discussion about what happened to the Gold Standard at this conference. Be sure to touch on the creation of the IMF. Also describe pegging and consider how pegging affected oil prices.
  2. The 1971 lift of the pegged status of world currencies. Discuss why the Bretton Woods system ended at this time and what the economic effects were of the system ending.
  3. The 1973 oil embargo. Discuss the various causes of the oil embargo and how it relates to the ending of the Bretton Woods system. Also include a discussion of the effects of the embargo on trading policy and the world economy.
  4. The 2008 oil crisis. Discuss the economic causes of the oil crisis and its effects on the global economy, many of which are continuing today.

Research
Outside scholarly research will be required in the writing of this paper. You will find it necessary to make use of the Ashford Online Library’s databases and the list of recommended articles and websites in this course along with the textbook.  Your paper must reference at least five outside resources.

Writing the Final Paper
The Final Paper:

  • Must be eight to ten double-spaced pages in length and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the approved APA style guide.
  • Must include a cover page that includes:
    ­ – Title of Paper
    ­ – Student’s Name
    ­ – Course name and number
    ­ – Instructor’s name
    ­ – Date submitted
  • Must include an introductory paragraph with a succinct thesis statement.
  • Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
  • Must conclude with a restatement of the thesis and a conclusion paragraph.
  • Must use at least five scholarly resources.
  • Must use APA style as outlined in the approved APA style guide to document all sources.
  • Must include, on the final page, a Reference Page that is completed according to APA style as outlined in the approved APA style guide.

Carefully review the Grading Rubric for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.

 

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Differential Equations 6

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Finance 100 see below

  • Determine the single greatest challenge to a small business’ working capital. Identify at least two (2) methods this small business could use to address the identified challenge.  Provide a rationale for each method that you identified.
  • Explain the major economic and / or other salient business environmental factors that are likely to impact the availability of short-term financing for a given business. Provide support for your rationale
 

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Help Me?

Learning Activity #1

Joe Jackson owned a sawmill in Stuttgart, Arkansas. It was a family business that had not changed in 50 years. Having grown up in the business,  Joe had never really investigated the strengths and weaknesses of his position as Vice President. His father was always the President and he and his older brother Jacob were the heirs. The business was in turmoil because his father’s health was precarious and he was forced to step down. Joe’s brother was expecting to step up to the role of Vice President but Joe knew that was a mistake. The business itself was being quickly eroded because of the sustainability issues facing the world. Joe could see this but not Jacob. Joe needed to have a long talk with Jacob to make him see reason. Either they worked together for the future or Joe would have to take the lead role.

TASK: Prepare an outline of points for Joe to make in his discussion with his brother. Explain the role of the 21st century leader and why it differs from that of the 20th century leader. Make sure to reference your reading material to validate the points you make.

Learning Activity 2:

John Kotter in his article “What Leaders Really Do” makes the following statement:  Managers promote stability while Leaders press for change, and only organizations that embrace both sides of the contradiction can thrive in turbulent times.”

TASK: After reading the background information below, explain what you think Dean Adams’ role should be in light of this quote; the leaders or the manager’s? Identify the two roles leader and manager.   Be sure to include in your comments the different solutions that may result from a leader’s perspective and that of the manager’s perspective as well as where they overlap. Finally, suggest which role’s perspective is best for Adam and the organization and why.

Background: Studer International

At 7:30 a.m., Dean Adams hit the snooze alarm for the third time, but he knew he could never go back to sleep. Rubbing his eyes and shaking off a headache, Adams first checked his BlackBerry and read an urgent message from his boss, explaining that Sue Chan, chief security analyst, had resigned this morning and needed to be replaced immediately. Frustrated, Adams lumbered toward the shower, hoping it would energize him to face another day. After last night’s management meeting, which had ended after midnight, he was reeling from the news that his Wall Street employer, Studer International, was spiraling toward a financial meltdown.

Adams scratched his head and wondered, “How could one of the world’s largest insurance companies plummet from being the gold standard in the industry to one struggling for survival?” At the end of 2007, Studer had $100 billion in annual revenues, 65 million customers, and 96,000 employees in 130 countries. One year later and staggered by losses stemming from the credit crisis, Studer teetered on the brink of failure and was in need of emergency government assistance. Studer had been a victim of the meltdown in the credit markets. The collapse of this respected financial institution sent shock waves throughout the world’s economy.

Within Studer’s Manhattan office, Adams and his coworkers felt growing pressure to respond to this crisis quickly and ethically. But morale was sagging and decision making was stalled. New projects were on hold, revenues weren’t coming in fast enough, and job cuts were imminent. Finger-pointing and resignations of key managers had become commonplace. Strong leadership was needed to guide employees to stay the course. Adams knew his first priority was to replace Sue Chan. When leaving the meeting last night, his boss had told him, “It’s critical that we keep key managers in place as we weather this storm. If we lose any, be sure you replace them with ones who can handle the stress and can make tough, maybe even unpopular, decisions.”

Working up a sweat as he rushed into his office, Adams began sorting through the day’s priorities. His first task would be to consider internal candidates to replace Chan. He pondered the characteristics required of a chief securities analyst and scribbled them on a notepad: experienced in security and regulatory issues; strong decision-making skills; high ethical standards; able to make job cuts; comfortable slashing budgets; and respected for calm leadership. Adams immediately thought of Julie Cobb, a senior analyst who had been vocal about her desire to move up and had recently shown steady leadership as the organization started to crumble.

Cobb had worked her way up through the organization, becoming a respected expert in her field. She had developed a strong team of loyal employees and made training and job development a priority. She was likable, sensitive to her employees, and a consensus builder. While many managers within Studer had made questionable business decisions, Julie had held herself to a high ethical standard and created a culture of integrity. Cobb was focused on the future—a go-getter who knew how to get results.

With the future of the company at stake, however, Adams wondered if Cobb could handle the tough challenges ahead. Although he valued her team-building skills, she could be soft when it came to holding employees accountable. A large part of her motivation was to have people like her. When she reported a shortfall in earnings in the last company meeting and came under fire, she’d become defensive and didn’t want to point fingers at employees who were to blame. In fact, Adams recalled another instance when Cobb recoiled at the thought of firing an employee who had developed a pattern of poor attendance while caring for her sick husband. She confessed a hesitation to confront poor performers and employees struggling to balance home and work life.

Adams stirred his morning coffee and wondered aloud, “Is Julie Cobb capable of balancing kindness and toughness during a crisis? Can I count on her to be decisive and focused on top- and bottom-line results? Is she too much of a people pleaser? Will it impact her ability to lead successfully?”

 

Remember, an in-text citation cannot exist without having a corresponding reference list and a reference list cannot exist without having a corresponding in-text citation.  Use of the course material using in-text citations and a reference list is always expected in the learning activities and good practice for the assignments in the course.

 
 

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Film History Module 2

Perhaps the most important artistic trend of the early twentieth century was labeled modernism.  Summarize some of the principal tenets of modernism, and specify how these ideas influenced the development of the French Impressionism (or German Expressionist [Ch. 5] or Soviet Montage [Ch. 6]) movement in film.

 

2.What created the problems confronting French film production between 1918 and 1928?  Identify the three primary factors as identified in the text, and summarize the effects of each of these causes.

 

3.The formal qualities of French Impressionism derived partly from the directors’ beliefs about the cinema as an art form.  What were these beliefs?  Explain how the Impressionists’ theories on the cinema translated to their films with regard to either cinematography or editing.

 

4.Why did French Impressionism decline as a unified filmmaking movement in the late 1920s?  What was the role of pressures from both inside and outside the movement in this decline?

 

5.Compare the activities of the Soviet film industry during the War Communism period (1918-1920) and during the years of the New Economic Policy (1921-1924).  What difficulties arose for the industry during War Communism, and how were these problems remedied or addressed by the New Economic Policy?

 

6.What were the objectives of Constructivism, and which of those aims were especially important to the development of the Montage movement in film?

 

7.How did the theories on filmmaking advanced by Lev Kuleshov, Dziga Vertov, and Sergei Eisenstein differ with regard to editing?

 

8.How was mise-en-scene used as an element of montage in the films of Soviet directors?  Give examples of how mise-en-scene was typically employed in Montage films.

 

 

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Economics Homework – shahimermaid

as discussed

 

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4 assignments total

 

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To what extent was the recent global financial crisisa Minskey moment?

The answer should be presented as an essay. You should draw on relevant literature review and use references correctly. You may wish to include relevant diagrams, tables and equations.

 

word limit: 2000 words

 

harvard referencing.

 

 

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reflection

reflection of 200 words or less

start with a strong definition then write an expierence story from life, work place, friends or sibilings.

you must read the out line and write about it write esoecifically

 

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