evaluate the findings from demand trends and price elasticity in the discussion

ECO 201 Milestone Three Guidelines and Rubric The purpose of this milestone is for students to explore the various costs their firm faces and to describe their firm’s market. Using the concepts and tools developed in Modules Four and Five, students will analyze the fixed and variable costs of their firm, how those costs have changed over time, and how those changes have impacted their firm’s overall health and sustainability. In analyzing their firm’s market, students will detail the extent of their firm’s market power and their firm’s ability to influence the market. Students will also describe major trends in the market, specifically concerning new products, technologies, and new entrants. Students can further determine the future health of their firm to inform their final recommendations by examining their firm’s place within the market. Prompt: Submit a draft of the Costs of Production (Section IV), Overall Market (Section V), and Recommendation (Section VI) of your research paper, including all critical elements listed below. You will review your firm’s financial reports and other relevant data sources to collect and analyze cost information for your firm over the past five or so years. Using real data and the economic tools developed in Module Four, you will analyze your firm’s profitability and how costs impact its growth. Additionally, you will find data on your firm’s competitors in order to detail your firm’s place within the market currently and over the past five or so years. Lastly, you will develop a recommendation for how the firm can manage its future production. Specifically the following critical elements must be addressed:

IV. Examine the costs of production for your firm. a) Analyze the various costs a firm faces, their trends over time, and how they have impacted your firm’s profitability. b) Apply the concepts of variable and fixed costs to your firm for informing its output decisions. For instance, analyze how different kinds of costs

(labor, research and development, raw materials) affect the firm’s level of output.

V. Explore the overall market for your firm. a) Discuss the market share of the firm and its top competitors by providing details on current percentages for each firm and describing the trend

over time. You might consider presenting the data graphically. b) Analyze the barriers to entry in this market to illustrate the potential for new competition and its impact on your firm’s future in the market. c) Describe the market structure for this firm and analyze how this affects the firm’s ability to influence the market.

VI. Recommendation

a) Develop a recommendation for how the firm can manage its future production by synthesizing the data presented. b) Suggest how the firm’s position within the market and among its competitors will allow it to take your recommended action. c) Describe how the firm can sustain its success going forward by evaluating the findings from demand trends and price elasticity.

Rubric Guidelines for Submission: Your paper must be submitted as a three- to six-page Microsoft Word document (each section should be one to two pages) with double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, one-inch margins, and sources cited in APA format.

Critical Elements Proficient (100%) Needs Improvement (75%) Not Evident (0%) Value

Costs of Production: Profitability

Analyzes the various costs a firm faces, their trends over time, and how they have impacted the firm’s profitability

Analyzes the various costs a firm faces, and their trends over time, but does not discuss how they have impacted the firm’s profitability

Does not analyze the various costs a firm faces, their trends over time, or how they have impacted the firm’s profitability

12

Costs of Production: Output Decisions

Accurately applies the concepts of variable and fixed costs to the firm for informing its output decisions

Applies the concepts of variable and fixed costs to the firm for informing its output decisions, but applies concepts inaccurately

Does not apply the concepts of variable and fixed costs to the firm for informing its output decisions

12

Overall Market: Market Share

Discusses the market share of the firm and its top competitors by providing details on current percentages for each firm and describing the trend over time

Discusses the market share of the firm and its top competitors, but does not provide details on current percentages for each firm or does not describe the trend over time

Does not discuss the market share of the firm and its top competitors

12

Overall Market: Barriers to Entry

Analyzes the barriers to entry in this market to illustrate the potential for new competition and its impact on the firm’s future in the market

Analyzes the barriers to entry in this market, but does not illustrate the potential for new competition or its impact on the firm’s future in the market

Does not analyze the barriers to entry in this market

12

Overall Market: Market Structure

Describes the market structure for this firm and accurately analyzes how this affects the firm’s ability to influence the market

Describes the market structure for this firm, but does not analyze how this affects the firm’s ability to influence the market or analysis is inaccurate

Does not describe the market structure for this firm

12

Recommendation: Future Production

Effectively develops a recommendation for how the firm can manage its future production by synthesizing the data presented

Develops a recommendation for how the firm can manage its future production, but recommendation is not effective or is not based on a synthesis of the data presented

Does not develop a recommendation 12

Recommendation: Recommended Action

Suggests how the firm’s position within the market and among its competitors will allow it to take the recommended action

Suggests how the firm’s position within the market and among its competitors will allow it to take the recommended action, but suggestions are not appropriate

Does not suggest how the firm’s position within the market and among its competitors will allow it to take the recommended action

12

Recommendation: Sustain its Success

Describes how the firm can sustain its success going forward by evaluating the findings from demand trends and price elasticity

Describes how the firm can sustain its success going forward, but does not evaluate the findings from demand trends and price elasticity in the discussion

Does not describe how the firm can sustain its success going forward

12

Articulation of Response Submission has no major errors related to citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or organization

Submission has major errors related to citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or organization that negatively impact readability and articulation of main ideas

Submission has critical errors related to citations, grammar, spelling, syntax, or organization that prevent understanding of ideas

4

Earned Total 100%

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Write a 3-page paper Reference page is an additional page, not included in aforementioned requirements

The personal philosophy paper gives students an opportunity to critically evaluate their professional and personal views of serving children with disabilities, examine the course of their professional training to date, and demonstrate their ability to choose research-based strategies specific to certain disabilities.

Write a 3-page paper Reference page is an additional page, not included in aforementioned requirements. Please adhere to page limits–points are deducted for exceeding page limits. The paper must be double-spaced, typed in a 12 point Times New Roman font with 1” margins all around. References must be cited in the body of your paper, as well as included in a reference page at the end of your paper. Citations & the reference page must be in APA (6th ed.) style (no abstract, title page or running head is necessary).

At least two references must be included to document your sources in this paper. One reference must be one of our textbooks and the others must be from a peer-refereed professional journal (not a book, web page, magazine, newspaper, etc.) published no earlier than 2013. You must use original sources, rather than secondary sources, i.e., you cannot use information from an article referenced in another publication, but must access the original publication yourself. You must paraphrase. Do not use direct quotes. The source for paraphrased material must be cited in the body of the paper using APA parenthetical citation. Failure to do so constitutes plagiarism.

USE THESE REFERENCES:

Heward, W., Alber-Morgan, S., & Konrad, M. (2017). Exceptional children: An introduction special education (11th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.

The personal philosophy paper must include the following sections, and the following subheadings are preferred:

Students I Desire to Serve

Provide a description of the type of students you believe you would like to work with or teach at this point in your training (age/level, disability) and provide a rationale for your choice. You must choose a specific IDEA disability category rather than all students with disabilities. This will help focus your search for instructional strategies.

Instructional Strategies

Provide complete descriptions of two research-based instructional strategies you plan to use when you work with these students, and why, with documentation: (a) fully describe the strategies and give an example of classroom use; (b) cover how they address specific weaknesses and/or utilize the strengths of your chosen population; (c) provide scientific evidence (numerical data on the results of the study) of the strategies’ effectiveness; and (d) Provide proper APA citation for each strategy.

Extended Professional Skills Desired and Plan for Acquisition

Extended professional skills are those that reach beyond the skills and competencies required for licensure. Include a description of two extended professional teaching skills you hope to acquire to best serve your students and a concrete plan of action describing when, where and how you will acquire the professional teaching skills that you have described.

Personal Philosophy of Education

Include a statement of your personal philosophy of general or special education, including a reflection on serving diverse populations. Please see the prologue (p. 2) & postscript (p. 559) of the Heward textbook for suggestions on developing a personal philosophy of special education.

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Posted: 12 Minutes AgoDue: 07/08/2019

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal Articles

Locate one current controversy, dispute, or case using The Wall Street Journal that involves discrimination (see Wall Street Journal Resources in Getting Started). Then choose either Levitz and Shishkin’s 2009 article, “More Workers Cite Age Bias After Layoffs,” or Jones’ 2007 article, “Sidley Austin LLP Settles Age-Discrimination Suit.” Consider the challenges to the balance between law, legal action, and practical business concerns. Analyze strategies and tactics HRM professionals can implement to restore this balance. Provide workplace examples where possible.

If after a thorough search of The Wall Street Journal, you cannot locate a current controversy, discuss both linked cases.

The Wall Street Journal

Description: The Wall Street Journal

In a world where education and career opportunities are more competitive than ever, the need for you to obtain broader perspectives on a variety of global business issues is a necessity. Which is why Capella University has joined The Wall Street Journal in a collaboration that will provide learners and faculty full personalized access to the Journal.

The Journal provides career advice and ties real-world examples into what you learn, giving you the opportunity to enhance your educational experience and stay ahead. You can use your school-sponsored WSJ membership to:

Access WSJ.com, WSJ mobile apps, newsletters and podcasts

Research topics relevant to your courses and careers

Personalize your news and coverage alerts

Track real-time stories and industry trends

Enjoy the most engaging coverage of arts, culture and life

Activate your complimentary WSJ membership

1. Visit WSJ.com/Capella
2. Login with your university e-mail account
3. Select “Student” under account type, and create your unique password.

If you already have an account and have questions about your school-sponsored membership, call 1-800-JOURNAL or email support@wsj.com.

About The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal is a global news organization that provides leading news, information, commentary and analysis. Published by Dow Jones, The Wall Street Journal engages readers across print, digital, mobile, social, and video. Building on its heritage as the preeminent source of global business and financial news, the Journal includes coverage of U.S. & world news, politics, arts, culture, lifestyle, sports, and health. It holds 37 Pulitzer Prizes for outstanding journalism.

Description: The Wall Street Journal logo

Welcome business students! Click here to start or renew your full digital access to The Wall Street Journal

READ NEWS

Weekly Reviews

Students in Capella’s business programs will have access to weekly article summaries provided by The Wall Street Journal. The article summaries are provided in 16 business disciplines and contain questions designed to develop the critical-thinking skills necessary for professional success.

See Weekly Reviews

The Wall Street Journal continued.

We suggest that you log into The Wall Street Journal once a week and browse through the stories for that week, making notes from stories to inform your discussions or support assignments. Or, keep a list of interesting ideas to think about as you move forward in your program and career. We hope that in just 15-30 minutes of browsing the WSJ each week you will find interesting stories which are related to your coursework and that encourage you to have discussions with your classmates and instructor.

Need Help Creating Your Account?

Are you wondering how to initiate your account? How to use WSJ in you courses? We’ve created a short Power Point deck that shows you how to set up your account. It also contains tips and tricks for utilizing WSJ most effectively.

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Evaluation and management of oropharyngeal dysphagia in different types of dementia: A systematic review.

POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON:
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

TANIA GONZALEZ DIAZ

WALDEN UNIVERSITY

NURS:6501C

AUGUST 03,2019

*

Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer disease (AD) is:

Chronic neurodegenerative disorder
The leading cause of dementia
According to Etindele Sosso, Nakamura & Nakamura (2017), as of 2015, 29.8 million people had AD.
Most prevalent among people whose ages are 65 years and above.
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that normally starts and gradually progresses with the brain cells dying off. Leading to memory loss.
The leading cause of dementia which affects an individual cognitive, social and behavioral skills that destroy the capability of a person to function properly.
According to Etindele Sosso, Nakamura & Nakamura (2017), as of 2015, there were 29.8 million people globally who had AD. I
t mostly starts in people whose ages are over 65 years.
*

Pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s Disease

Exact cause is unknown.
Early onset of Familial Alzheimer’s Disease is associated with 3 genes found in chromosome 21, namely;
Abnormal amyloid precursor protein 14 [APP14]
Abnormal presenilin 1 [PSEN1] and
Abnormal presenilin 2 [PSEN2])
Late onset of AD is related to changes in apolipoprotein E gene-allele 4 (APOE4) gene found in chromosome 19.
Source: (Huether, McCance, Brashers & Rote, 2016)
The exact cause of AD is still unknown till date.
Early onset of Familial Alzheimer’s Disease is associated with 3 genes found in chromosome 21, namely;
Abnormal amyloid precursor protein 14 [APP14]
Abnormal presenilin 1 [PSEN1] and
Abnormal presenilin 2 [PSEN2])
Late onset of AD is related to changes in apolipoprotein E gene-allele 4 (APOE4) gene found in chromosome 19.
*

Pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s Disease …contd

DNA methylation is one epigenetic markers for AD.
Pathological alterations in the brain causes the loss of memory.
These pathological alterations include;
Accumulation of extracellular neuritic plaques with core of amyloid Degeneration of basal forebrain ß-protein
Intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles
cholinergic neurons with loss of acetylcholine
Source: (Huether, McCance, Brashers & Rote, 2016)
DNA methylation is one epigenetic markers for AD.
Pathological alterations in the brain causes the loss of memory.
These pathological alterations include;
Accumulation of extracellular neuritic plaques with core of amyloid ß-protein
Intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles
Degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons
If the brain is unable to get rid of amyloid the precursor protein, toxic fragments of amyloid ß-protein accumulates and which trigger neuritic plaques to diffuse, the transmission of impulses by nerve cells to be disrupted and the nerve cells to die.
The tau protein in neiurons detaches forming an insoluble neurofibrillary tangles, which causes the neurons to die.
Neurofibrilary tangles and neuritic plaques which are more concentrated in the cerebral cortex are the one that contribute to memory loss, through the loss of neurons.
As shown in the figure attached in the slides above this causes the gri to shrink while the sulci widens.
*

Body Systems Affected by Alzheimer’s Disease

Almost body systems are affected by Alzheimer’s Disease.
Because with time and age are it affected other body functions.
Digestive system (Alagiakrishnan, Bhanji & Kurian, 2013)
Swallowing difficulties
People often eat while choking
Central Nervous system (Tina, n.d.)
AD is a CNS disease an d therefore affects both the brain and spinal cord
Amyloid plaque that is made up of fragments of dead brain cells and certain protein accumulates in the brain
Tau protein also accumulate at abnormal levels rendering the brain cells to die and to ultimately die
As AD continues, it often extends to other brain parts which control coordination, walking and swallowing.
Even though Alzheimer’s usually out as a problem that affect the thought and memory, it ultimately affects almost all the body functions.
Digestive system

Swallowing difficulties
People often eat while choking
Central Nervous system

AD is a CNS disease an d therefore affects both the brain and spinal cord
Amyloid plaque that is made up of fragments of dead brain cells and certain protein accumulates in the brain
Tau protein also accumulate at abnormal levels rendering the brain cells to die and to ultimately die
*

Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Neurologist or geriatrician will first review clinical history of a client and their symptoms
The physician will then run tests:
Brain imaging
MRI,
CT scan
PET
Laboratory tests
Memory tests
Neuropsychological tests
Mental status testing
According to Mayo Clinic Staff (2019), the future diagnosis will apply tool that will involve the detection of tau proteins like PET
Neurologist or geriatrician will first review clinical history of a client and their symptoms
The physician will then run tests:
Brain imaging
MRI,
CT scan
Laboratory tests
Memory tests
Neuropsychological tests
Mental status testing
Future diagnosis will apply tool that will involve the detection of tau proteins like PET
*

Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Cure for AD has not been established.
Are medicines that ease the symptoms in some people.
Some drugs curb the breakdown of acetylcholine which is crucial for learning and memory.
Are three drugs commonly used, these are;
Razadyne (galantamine)
Aricept (donepezil)
Exelon (rivastigmine)
Cure for AD has not been established.
Are medicines that ease the symptoms in some people.
Some drugs curb the breakdown of acetylcholine which is crucial for learning and memory.
Treatment options depend on factors such
Severity of the disease, clinical history, age, lifestyle, client’s or family’s or caregiver’ preferences
Are three drugs commonly used, these are;
Razadyne (galantamine)
Aricept (donepezil)
Exelon (rivastigmine)
*

A Mind Map of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease

Clinical Manifestation

Behavioral changes
Mood changes
Treatment

Are three drugs commonly used, these are;
Razadyne (galantamine)
Aricept (donepezil)
Exelon (rivastigmine)
Support groups

Pathophysiology alterations

Plaque tangles and tau proteins leads to death of neuronal cell

Risk Factors

Hereditary
Abnormal amyloid precursor protein 14 [APP14]
Abnormal presenilin 1 [PSEN1] and
Abnormal presenilin 2 [PSEN2])
Cardiovascular disease
Diagnosis

Laboratory tests
Memory tests
Brain imaging
Epidemiology

Globally, about 29.8 million people have AD as of 2015
In a study conducted in the US people aged >70 years yielded a prevalence for AD of 9.7 %.
*

References

Alagiakrishnan, K., Bhanji, R., & Kurian, M. (2013). Evaluation and management of oropharyngeal dysphagia in different types of dementia: A systematic review. Archives Of Gerontology And Geriatrics, 56(1), 1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2012.04.011

Etindele Sosso, F., Nakamura, O., & Nakamura, M. (2017). Epidemiology of Alzheimer’s Disease: Comparison between Africa and South America. Journal Of Neurology And Neuroscience, 08(04). doi: 10.21767/2171-6625.1000204

Huether, S., McCance, K., Brashers, V., & Rote, N. (2016). Understanding pathophysiology (6th ed., pp. 1180-1200). Elsevier.

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2019). Learn how Alzheimer’s is diagnosed. Retrieved 30 July 2019, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/alzheimers-disease/in-depth/alzheimers/art-20048075

Tina, M. What Body Systems Are Affected by Alzheimer Disease? | Livestrong.com. Retrieved 30 July 2019, from https://www.livestrong.com/article/177220-what-body-systems-are-affected-by-alzheimers-disease/

Thank you for listening.

You are a part of a global fight against Alzheimer’s disease

*

*

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that normally starts and gradually progresses with the brain cells dying off. Leading to memory loss.
The leading cause of dementia which affects an individual cognitive, social and behavioral skills that destroy the capability of a person to function properly.
According to Etindele Sosso, Nakamura & Nakamura (2017), as of 2015, there were 29.8 million people globally who had AD. I
t mostly starts in people whose ages are over 65 years.
*

The exact cause of AD is still unknown till date.
Early onset of Familial Alzheimer’s Disease is associated with 3 genes found in chromosome 21, namely;
Abnormal amyloid precursor protein 14 [APP14]
Abnormal presenilin 1 [PSEN1] and
Abnormal presenilin 2 [PSEN2])
Late onset of AD is related to changes in apolipoprotein E gene-allele 4 (APOE4) gene found in chromosome 19.
*

DNA methylation is one epigenetic markers for AD.
Pathological alterations in the brain causes the loss of memory.
These pathological alterations include;
Accumulation of extracellular neuritic plaques with core of amyloid ß-protein
Intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles
Degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons
If the brain is unable to get rid of amyloid the precursor protein, toxic fragments of amyloid ß-protein accumulates and which trigger neuritic plaques to diffuse, the transmission of impulses by nerve cells to be disrupted and the nerve cells to die.
The tau protein in neiurons detaches forming an insoluble neurofibrillary tangles, which causes the neurons to die.
Neurofibrilary tangles and neuritic plaques which are more concentrated in the cerebral cortex are the one that contribute to memory loss, through the loss of neurons.
As shown in the figure attached in the slides above this causes the gri to shrink while the sulci widens.
*

As AD continues, it often extends to other brain parts which control coordination, walking and swallowing.
Even though Alzheimer’s usually out as a problem that affect the thought and memory, it ultimately affects almost all the body functions.
Digestive system

Swallowing difficulties
People often eat while choking
Central Nervous system

AD is a CNS disease an d therefore affects both the brain and spinal cord
Amyloid plaque that is made up of fragments of dead brain cells and certain protein accumulates in the brain
Tau protein also accumulate at abnormal levels rendering the brain cells to die and to ultimately die
*

Neurologist or geriatrician will first review clinical history of a client and their symptoms
The physician will then run tests:
Brain imaging
MRI,
CT scan
Laboratory tests
Memory tests
Neuropsychological tests
Mental status testing
Future diagnosis will apply tool that will involve the detection of tau proteins like PET
*

Cure for AD has not been established.
Are medicines that ease the symptoms in some people.
Some drugs curb the breakdown of acetylcholine which is crucial for learning and memory.
Treatment options depend on factors such
Severity of the disease, clinical history, age, lifestyle, client’s or family’s or caregiver’ preferences
Are three drugs commonly used, these are;
Razadyne (galantamine)
Aricept (donepezil)
Exelon (rivastigmine)
*

*

Thank you for listening.

You are a part of a global fight against Alzheimer’s disease

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