Working with Differing Leadership Styles

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Week 9: Working with Differing Leadership Styles

Otisha Dawson-Morrison

Walden University

NURS6201: Leadership in Nursing and Healthcare

January 21, 2019

Leadership Styles and Skills

To develop a care coordination team for a large primary care organization, I would prefer to work with leaders who agree with the organization’s mission to provide high-quality services to the community without regards to their ability to pay. Understanding the organization’s missions will aid in us all having a common goal and therefore strengthens the team’s collaborative efforts. I would also prefer to work with transformational leaders who inspire others, can forecast the future, and can examine outcomes (Marquis & Huston, 2017, p. 50-51). Transformational leaders put in extra effort, create more satisfied subordinates and are more effective (Casida & Parker, 2011). Some skills I would prefer the leaders have are good decision making and critical thinking skills, be an excellent communicator, a be role model and have the ability to facilitate change (Marquis & Huston, 2017, p. 40-41).

Working with Differing Leadership Styles

Challenges

There are challenges associated with working within a group, and even more significant challenges exist when the group is diverse. Good leaders must be able to adapt to the different personalities, different leadership styles, and different skills sets. If not, time will be wasted settling disagreements which will result in decreased productivity (Hamel, 2018).

Another challenge is subordinate confusion. Having different leadership styles working together to develop this care coordination team may result in employee frustration. For example, a laissez-faire leader within the group may give minimal direction to subordinates and does not criticize allowing the subordinates to govern themselves whereas when the authoritarian leader is present this leader is controlling, takes away staff flexibility and freedom and criticize staff.

Advantages

There are advantages to working within groups. A strong group of leaders can inspire employee loyalty by improving employee morale (Hamel, 2018), thus resulting in better teamwork efforts. Better teamwork efforts can result in increased productivity (Hamel, 2018). The development of this care coordination team may produce better quality outcomes because the clashing of viewpoints may result in the team coming up with good ideas (Hamel, 2018).

Conclusion

Working in a group is not easy but a necessary function of working in healthcare. The development of this care coordination team needs a variety of skilled leaders for its successful implementation. The leaders, however, need to understand there will be a difference in styles and skill sets of the other leaders and must be able to adapt and thrive within the group with an understanding that quality patient outcomes and employee loyalty can result.

References

Casida, J., & Parker, J. (2011). Staff nurse perceptions of nurse manager leadership styles and outcomes. Journal of Nursing Management, 19(4), 478–486. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Hamel, G. (2018). What Are the Advantages & Disadvantages in Leadership in a Company or Business? Retrieved from https://class.waldenu.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/U…

Marquis, B. L., & Huston, C. J. (2017). Leadership roles and management functions in nursing: Theory and application (9th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.

Please respond to this discussion post, apa format, 2 references, 2 paragraphs.

 

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Catheter Associated Urinary Tract infection

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Please write a paragraph responding to the discussion bellow. Add citations and references in alphabetical order.

EBP is the conscientious, categorical, and astute approach towards a patient’s holistic health using the current and most appropriate clinical literature available, tailored to fit the patient’s specific health requirements and conditions. (Samonte & Vallente, 2016).

An example of nursing practice where evidence based practice has improved patient outcomes is Foley care and its removal to prevent Catheter Associated Urinary Tract infection (CAUTIs). CAUTIs are documented in the EBP research to “Contribute to as many as 25.6% of hospital acquired infections (HAIs). These infections are linked to increased rates of morbidity and mortality, longer lengths of stay in the hospital and increase hospitalization costs. The evidence identified that the risk for infection is “estimated at 3-7%” for each day the catheter remains in the patient. The research led to proactive practices discontinuing the catheter as early as possible. According to the study done by Nicolle, L. et al., it suggests that, systematic review in hospitalized patients reported that the use of an intervention including a reminder to staff that a catheter was in place and/or a stop order to prompt removal of unnecessary catheters reduced the CAUTI rate by 53% (Nicolle, L. et al., 2014).

Another example of nursing practice where evidenced based nursing practice has improved patient outcome is of standards of care and flushing protocols for central venous access devices (CVADs). According to the research article by Freire et al., establishing a multidisciplinary team to specifically focus on care of CVAD, together with systematic reporting of infections, appears to reduce the rates of infection related to the use of these devices. The objective of the study was to describe the epidemiology of infections related to the use of implantable central venous access devices (CVADs) in cancer patients and to evaluate measures aimed at reducing the rates of such infections. The findings of the same study suggested that the rate of CVAD-related infection dropped from 2.2 to 0.24 per 1,000 catheter-days with the standards of care and flushing protocols.

The above mentioned examples of evidenced based research and changes in practice brought changes significantly in outcome indicating that nurses can modify the outdated practices that are no longer relevant or in the best interest of the patient’s well-being based on the evidence based research. In my practice presently, flushing of central lines at least once a shift and proper documentation has had a profound impact on reducing central line infections.

References

Samonte, P. V., & Vallente, R. P. (2016). Evidence-based practice (EBP). Salem Press Encyclopedia.

Lo, E., Nicolle, L., Coffin, S., Gould, C., Maragakis, L., Meddings, J., Yokoe, D. (2014). Strategies to Prevent Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Update. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 35(5), 464-479. doi:10.1086/675718

 

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The Institute of Medicine

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Please respond with a paragraph to the following post, add citations and references.

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) defines quality healthcare as “the degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge” (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2012). To be able to provide quality healthcare there needs to be a change in the way we base our standards of care for the patient. The only way to do this is to develop studies that incorporate small changes which will provide information needed to properly change the standards of care. This ultimately is called evidence-based practice and is moving healthcare to a high level of practice and producing better health outcomes. Different areas of nursing practice, which evidence-based practice is slowly improving patient outcomes is how we care for mothers and newborns after delivery to give them the best start. For example, understanding ways to diagnose possible postpartum depression and how it can be treated. It is thought that if postpartum depression was diagnosed early then treatment can be started and decrease the risk of possible psychosis. Postpartum visits in the home are one way to review how these women are handling life after leaving the hospital. Making sure they are taking care of themselves as well as their new baby or other children. The article I found was focusing on low income women and how they were diagnosed and treated (Boyd, Mogul, Newman, & Coyne, 2011).

Another example would be effective nurse handoff of care incorporating bedside reporting. This ensures that the patient is involved with their care and they can voice if they have any concerns or any parts of their care they want to focus on. The article “Bedside Shift Report Improves Patient Safety and Nurse Accountability” (Baker, 2010, p. 355) focused on how the patient safety was improved by doing bedside report for shift to shift hand off.

Evaluating healthcare practice continually and adopting evidence-based practice interventions as research evolves and new evidence becomes available should be the norm in healthcare practice. Some traditional practices of postpartum care nurses should be replaced with evidence-based practices. Postpartum care nurses provide an essential contribution to the development of best evidence into practice by continually moving nursing practice forward in the care of the most vulnerable patients.

References

Baker, S. J. (2010, July). Bedside shift report improves patient safety and nurse accountability. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 36(4), 355-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2010.03.009

Boyd, R. C., Mogul, M., Newman, D., & Coyne, J. C. (2011). Screening and Referral for postpartum depression among low-income women: A qualitative perspective from community health workers. Depression Research and Treatment, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/320605

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2012). Agency for healthcare research and quality: Understanding quality measurement. Retrieved October 29, 2018, from https://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/quality-patient…

 

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What is the present value of $992 to be received in 13.5 years from today if our discount rate is 3.5 percent?

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Purpose of Assignment

The purpose of this assignment is to allow the students to understand and practice the measurement of present value, future value, and interest rate using Microsoft® Excel®.

Assignment Steps

Resources: Microsoft® Office® 2013 Accessibility Tutorials, Microsoft® Excel®, Time Value of Money Calculations Template

Calculate the following time value of money problems using Microsoft® Excel®:

  1. If we place $8,592.00 in a savings account paying 7.5 percent interest compounded annually, how much will our account accrue to in 9.5 years?
  2. What is the present value of $992 to be received in 13.5 years from today if our discount rate is 3.5 percent?
  3. If you bought a stock for $45 dollars and could sell it fifteen years later for three times what you originally paid. What was your return on owning this stock?
  4. Suppose you bought a house for $3,250,000 to make it a nursing home in the future. But you have not committed to the project and will decide in nine years whether to go forward with it or sell off the house. If real estate values increase annually at 1.5%, how much can you expect to sell the house for in nine years if you choose not to proceed with the nursing home project?
  5. If your daughter wants to earn $215,000 within the next twenty-three years and the salaries grow at 4.45% per year. What salary should she start to reach her goal?
 

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Validity in Quantitative Research Designs

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Discussion: Validity in Quantitative Research Designs
Validity in research refers to the extent researchers can be confident that the cause and effect they identify in their research are in fact causal relationships. If there is low validity in a study, it usually means that the research design is flawed and the results will be of little or no value. Four different aspects of validity should be considered when reviewing a research design: statistical conclusion validity, internal validity, construct validity, and external validity. In this Discussion, you consider the importance of each of these aspects in judging the validity of quantitative research.

To prepare:

Review the information in Chapter 10 of the course text on rigor and validity.
Read the method section of one of the following quasi-experimental studies (also located in this week’s Learning Resources). Identify at least one potential concern that could be raised about the study’s internal validity.
Metheny, N. A., Davis-Jackson, J., & Stewart, B. J. (2010). Effectiveness of an aspiration risk-reduction protocol. Nursing Research, 59(1), 18–25.
Padula, C. A., Hughes, C., & Baumhover, L. (2009). Impact of a nurse-driven mobility protocol on functional decline in hospitalized older adults. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 24(4), 325–331.
Yuan, S., Chou, M., Hwu, L., Chang, Y., Hsu, W., & Kuo, H. (2009). An intervention program to promote health-related physical fitness in nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 18(10), 1,404–1,411.
Consider strategies that could be used to strengthen the study’s internal validity and how this would impact the three other types of validity.
Think about the consequences of an advanced practice nurse neglecting to consider the validity of a research study when reviewing the research for potential use in developing an evidence-based practice.
BY DAY 3
Post the title of the study that you selected and your analysis of the potential concerns that could be raised about the study’s internal validity. Propose recommendations to strengthen the internal validity and assess the effect your changes could have with regard to the other three types of validity. Discuss the dangers of failing to consider the validity of a research study.

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

BY DAY 6
Respond to at least two of your colleagues in one or more of the following ways:

Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, and evidence. Share an insight from having read your colleagues’ postings, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.
Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own review of the literature in the Walden Library.
Validate an idea with your own experience and additional sources.
Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.
Expand on your colleagues’ postings by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.

 

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If we place $8,592.00 in a savings account paying 7.5 percent interest compounded annually, how much will our account accrue to in 9.5 years?

/in /by

Calculate the following time value of money problems using Microsoft® Excel®:

  1. If we place $8,592.00 in a savings account paying 7.5 percent interest compounded annually, how much will our account accrue to in 9.5 years?
  2. What is the present value of $992 to be received in 13.5 years from today if our discount rate is 3.5 percent?
  3. If you bought a stock for $45 dollars and could sell it fifteen years later for three times what you originally paid. What was your return on owning this stock?
  4. Suppose you bought a house for $3,250,000 to make it a nursing home in the future. But you have not committed to the project and will decide in nine years whether to go forward with it or sell off the house. If real estate values increase annually at 1.5%, how much can you expect to sell the house for in nine years if you choose not to proceed with the nursing home project?
  5. If your daughter wants to earn $215,000 within the next twenty-three years and the salaries grow at 4.45% per year. What salary should she start to reach her goal?

All questions need to be answered in the attached excel sheet using formulas. Additional instructions on use of excel for this assignment are included in sheet one of the attachment.

 

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Medicinal Use of Marijuana

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Topic: Medicinal Use of Marijuana

Develop a paper which reflects an analysis of the relevance of the issue to professional nursing practice. The analysis must include discussion of the factors and forces influencing the issue as well as recommendations for how nurses and the nursing profession should address the issue for the betterment of both professional nursing practice and the quality of patient care. This paper should be between 5-6 pages and must follow APA format

This is just the rubric for grading the paper

IntroductionTitle; Objective; Orientation to Reader; TopicWeight: 5% of paper gradeScore (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) X 1 =The writer introduces the topic and its relevance to (1) the discipline. The introduction lays groundwork for the direction of the paper. The introduction lays groundwork for the direction of the paper.b. Main idea stands along with details.c. The title is appropriate and adequately describes the topic.


BodyStructure; flow; Organization and DevelopmentWeight: 20% of paperScore (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) X 4 =a. The paper flows from general ideas to specific conclusions and/or vice-versa. All sections follow a logical order. Transitions tie together sections as well as individual paragraphs.b. Ideas are clear, original, and focused. Main idea stands along with details.c. Sufficient information included. Information clearly relates to the main theme. It includes several supporting details and/or examples.d. Provides a clear and compelling theme.e. Sentences clearly relate to the paragraph’s main idea.f. Paragraphs clearly and effectively relate to and support the theme.g. Writer provides examples and quotes that answer the reader’s questions and adds depth to the writer’s ideas.


ContentWeaving together literature through synthesis via thematic categories that provide exploration/explanationWeight: 40% of paper gradeScore: (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) X 8 =a. The writer covers the appropriate content in detail without being redundant.b. The writer cites sources when specific statements are made.c. The significance of quotes, when used, is apparent.d. The length is appropriate.e. Ideas are clear, original, and focused. Main idea stands out, along with details.f. Ideas in the paper are compelling, even original; they are not self-evident.

Clarity and correctness of the WritingWeight: 15% of paper gradeScore: (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) X 3 =a. The writing is clear and concise.b. There are no (or very few) mistakes in grammar, spelling, and/or punctuation.c. The writing does not ramble; the paper is carefully written and edited.

ConclusionsSynthesis of ideas and culminating with a clear position.Weight: 10% of paper gradeScore: (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) X 2 =a. The writer makes succinct and precise conclusions based on the references.b. Insights into the problem/topic are appropriate.c. Conclusions are strongly supported within the paper.


Sources & Citations & Proper APA FormatUndergraduate: 10%Score: (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) X 2 =a. The writer includes all necessary citations in the body of the paper.b. The references in the list match the in-text citations and all are properly cited in APA style.c. Numerous sources are cited. All sources are accurately documented.d. Accurately adheres to APA style in formatting, organization, and construction.e. There is consistent use of non-discriminatory language.f. The majority of sources are scholarly and cited correctly in both text and reference list.g. Personal opinions are stated succinctly in the conclusion.
 

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Descriptive analysis

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Descriptive analysis (statistics) as Houser (2019) mentioned is a research designed to describe in detail a process, event, or outcome. This is used when a there is little known about the research question. I learned this is the first step in which it is important for completion. The importance is to provide basic information of how variables are alike or different. The studies may be performed through numerical or graphical methods to enhance understanding and must be presented to meaningful to allow readers to comprehend. The most common of this analysis is expressed as measures of mean, median, mode, percentile ranks, standardized scores, bar chart, line graphs, and plot charts.

DeCaro (2003) described Inferential analysis as the statistical test to determine if the results of the sample are representative of a large population. I learned that the hypotheses is tested instead so a conclusion can be drawn, which differentiates from descriptive which summarizes. Inferential analysis also samples naturally which can lead to a sampling error which then means a sample is not expected to represent the population perfectly. The methods here are the estimation of parameters and the testing of statistical hypotheses.

Qualitative analysis is a natural approach to research that focuses on the meaning from the individual’s experience. I learned that this analysis focuses more on numbers and uses subjective judgment based on unquantifiable information. Since this analysis involves inexact information it can be difficult to collect and measure.

Data analysis is important to discover credible findings in nursing due to the fact that nurses provide documentation already and when this is used for research it can improve the effectiveness of care, improve patient satisfaction and health outcomes, as well as reduce healthcare costs. The most important part of Nursing is patient safety and quality of care, research can also allow a reduction is medical errors and deaths.

Clinical significance as Houser (2018) mentioned is reflected to an extent in which an intervention can make a difference in patient’s lives. Clinicians are more interested with this significance rather than results by chance.

Houser (2018) mentioned that statistical significance is when the p value is small which indicates that the probability of the results were due to small chance of being small. If the p value is large then the probability that the results were due to error is large as well. Statistical significance is one of the important measures which determines if the research conducted is useful as evidence and does not eliminate the need for careful thought about the findings for clinical practice.

In this case, clinical significance would be more meaningful to me as it is represented by the effect size, which can indicate how much of an effect is expected. This provides more information in this case for the nurse for evidence based practice versus the statistical significance.

References:

DeCaro, S. A. (2003). A student’s guide to the conceptual side of inferential statistics. Retrieved [April 7 2019], from http://psychology.sdecnet.com/stathelp.htm (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

Houser, J. (2018). Nursing research: Reading, using, and creating evidence (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

 

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Discuss the importance of effective communication in the personal relationship, the therapeutic relationship, and the relationship within the interprofessional health-care team.

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Hi. Please use APA format, and response by question, I mean, question-answer, question-answer

Read Chapter 6 & 7

1. Discuss the importance of effective communication in the personal relationship, the therapeutic relationship, and the relationship within the interprofessional health-care team.

2. What similarities and differences can you identify among the above interactions?

3. Explain the concept of congruence between verbal and nonverbal communication.

4. There are many pitfalls to electronic communication. Identify a situation in which an electronic form of communication may result in a miscommunication. What other method of communication would have been more effective?

5. How have you seen ISBAR used during your clinical experiences?

6- Develop a hand-off report for yourself. Include items that you believe are pertinent for safe and effective nursing care. Refer to the information in the chapter for creating this report form. Using the information from the chapter, determine the effectiveness of the system currently in use on your unit for communicating shift-to-shift reports.

7-Dr. Roberts comes into the nurses’ station demanding, “Where are Mr. Adams’s lab reports? I ordered these stat, and they’re not here! Who’s responsible for this patient?” How would you, as the nurse, respond?

8-Explain the concept of accountability in delegation. What are the legal ramifications of accountability in delegation?

9. Dennie and Elias arrive in the unit for the 7:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. shift. Both nurses completed orientation 4 weeks ago. They find that they will be the only two RNs on the floor that night. There is a census of 48 clients. The remaining staff consists of two NAPs/UAPs and one LPN. What are the responsibilities of the RN, NAP/UAP, and LPN? Can Dennie and Elias effectively delegate client care tasks and care safely for all 48 clients? Use the Delegation Tree to make your decisions.

10. Discuss the differences between direct delegation and indirect delegation.

1. You have to observe delegation procedures in your assigned unit:

A-What considerations does the RN take into account when delegating patient care?

2-You have to look at the unit census and prioritize the patient care:

A- Give the rationale foryour choices.

3.Answer the following questions during your clinical experiences:

a. What specific tasks did your patients require that you might have been able to delegate?

b. How effective was your nurse/preceptor in delegating tasks to others?

c. How did your nurse/preceptor ensure that the tasks were completed safely and appropriately

 

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